Spain and New World Essay - 725 Words

In 1490 there was no such country as spain, yet within a century it had become the most powerful nation in europe and within another century had sunk to the status of a third rate power. Describe and analyze the major social economic and political reasons for spains rise and fall. Throughout history, as we study Spain we can clearly recognize high and low points in their success. In the fifteen hundreds Spain had no influence on European affairs, Spain essentially vanished out of Europe. However, within one complete century Spain had become not only a leading power but they also had a great sense of effectiveness in Europe. Spain experienced a Golden age with many social, economic, political aspects. On the other hand, within†¦show more content†¦The Flow of cloth, grain, oil, wine, gold and silver greatly enriched Spain. This provided economic stability and caused a rise in Spain. In contrast, the Dutch and the English commenced trade with the Spanish colonies, which cut into profit made by Spain. In addition, Spanish colonies made industries in the Americas, which further lessened their need to buy from Spain. Spanish trade with the colonies fell 60 percent. This traumatized Spain’s revenues made from the New World and ended the period of Gr eatness. On top of it all Spain’s royal spending continued to exceed despite the fact that they were losing money so this eventually led to Bankruptcy. In all, Faith was completely lost in the Spanish which severely disabled their advancements. Prosperous Political aspects of Spain’s rise was diminutive, however it brutally terminated their Golden age. Ferdinand and Isabella made Spain a strong country with many territories in Europe and the America’s. In contrast one can see the corrupt policies of Philip II and there enormous effect on Spain’s decline. Spain lost a great deal of land trying to convert people to Catholicism. In their efforts to convert and spread Christianity during the thirty years war, Spain lost complete control of the Netherlands. In addition to losing the Netherlands, the English defeat of the Spanish armada completely crushed Spain, not onlyShow MoreRelated England vs. Spain vs. France for Control of New World Essay1024 Words   |  5 PagesAtlantic. England and Spain had been enjoying a peaceful relationship throughout the early 15th century. However, the relations turned sour after the Spanish backstabbed an English fleet, led by a British sailor named Francis Drake at the Spanish port of San Juan de Ulua in 1568. Drake, privately encouraged by Queen Elizabeth of England, began pirating the Spanish riches for England from the Caribbean and all along the Spanish held coasts of Latin America. King Philip of Spain, already disgustedRead MoreThe Accomplishments of Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand of Spain1525 Words   |  7 PagesKing Ferdinand and Queen Isabella of Spain. However, only some know of all the things they accomplished. They might be best known for funding the voyages of Christopher Columbus, but they also greatly contributed to the unity of Spain (â€Å"Isabella l†). Together, they brought many kingdoms on the Iberian Peninsula together to form what Spain is today. Through Spain’s unification, King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella strengthened Spain into an economic and dominant world power, enabling the spread of ChristianityRead MoreSpain And The United States1095 Words   |  5 PagesSpain and the United States began relati ons in the earliest days of North America’s colonization. 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Although th ey were all able to set foot on the New World some where able to colonize enablingRead MoreUnification of Spain1648 Words   |  7 PagesUnification of Spain: the Good, the Bad, and the Really Ugly | Alexis Wilson | The Europeans wanted to expand their minds and their wealth with what the â€Å"unknown† world had to â€Å"offer†. When I say offer, I mean what they could take and run with without consequence. The Europeans wanted to â€Å"expose† and â€Å"enlighten† the new world people with their religion. When I say â€Å"expose† and â€Å"enlighten†, I mean force the new world people to convert to Christianity or they would be slowly torturedRead MoreHistory of The Spanish Inquisition1496 Words   |  6 PagesSpanish Inquisition began a restoration for Catholicism but as time progressed, it began to be seen as a terrible aspect of Spain rule by other European countries. 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In the 3d century BC, the Carthaginians under Hamilcar Barca began to conquer most of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearics and established C artagena as capital. In the Punic war theRead MoreEssay on Spain Political-Legal Environment851 Words   |  4 PagesGovernment and politics The Spain Government is somewhat of a hybrid between a monarchy and a democratic government. There is a King, President, two vice presidents and prime ministers. There are also seventeen autonomous regions in Spain that are closely related to what we call the United States. I believe that the hybrid mix of government acts as somewhat of a backup because the King gets the final say and some decisions made by the other government officials are not binding. I believe that

Corporate Social Responsibility At Shipley Do-Nuts

Corporate Social Responsibility Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a buzzword in the modern organizations. The reasons for focusing on it may be philanthropic, plain window dressing to avoid Governments interference or simply a public relations exercise. The author has tried to analyze how well Shipley Do-nuts, a Houston based company, has managed to fulfill its ethical and social obligations. The internal and external influence to its CSR strategy has been studied with the help of SWOT matrix. Based on the study, the author is of the opinion that the company should shift its approach from a philanthropic one to a community based one to achieve sustainable development. The author has suggested use of a community sports area for achieving the same. Founded in 1936 in Texas, Shipley Donuts has become a popular doughnut chain in the United States with over 220 stores spread throughout the southern states. Since its inception, Shipley Donuts has been actively involved within its community which adds a whole new dimension to its mission of making life delicious (Shipley Do-nuts, 2008). The founder of the company, Lawrence Shipley, Sr. founded the company near the end of the Great Depression. He had witnessed the horrors that people of his community had gone through during the Depression. Thus giving the community back that made him rich was one of his top priorities. Moreover, in a country which is fighting a battle against childhood obesity, the role of a fast-food chain like Shipley Do-nuts assumes significance especially its attitude towards ethical practices and social obligations. The following sections discuss how well Shipley Donuts has contributed towards its Corporate Social Responsibility. Shipley has adopted a philanthropic approach to CSR. In this approach, the organizations give monetary donations, aid or lend their names to the local communities for social causes. According to Wood (1991), this approach helps them to become vastly respected in their local community and protects their home market even during times of fierce competition. Shipley has been associated with many social causes from schools, churches to charity groups. For example, Shipley lent its name to annual fair dedicated to cancer survivors and veterans during last October (Lowman, 2009). Shipley also makes significant contribution towards promoting the US culture and tradition. Shipleys franchises have been known to donate a part of their earnings during Christmas to Angel Tree, a local organization that helps in buying gifts for poor children during the Christmas (Tribune Herald, 2009). Similarly, it gives away free doughnuts to its customers on June 5 every year in the memory of Chicago Salvation army which gave rise to the National Doughnut Day (Tribune Herald, 2009). Being a fast food chain, Shipley has also taken its obligation of making America healthy very seriously. Complete nutritional information of its products is displayed prominently at all its franchises and also at its website. Any customer can view the cleanliness of the kitchen area and the bakery techniques being used through its theater viewing windows. Moreover, to show its commitment towards health, it sponsors local sports teams like Houston Dynamos (professional soccer club in MLS) and Houston Astros (professional Major League Baseball team) (Shipley Do-nuts, 2008). Such has been Shipleys commitment to maintain quality that it has been reluctant to grow too fast (the chain has added only 220 stores in its 74 years of existence compared to thousands of stores opened by McDonalds or Pizza Hut in lesser time) which is reflected in its strict criteria for a franchise. SWOT Analysis A SWOT analysis is conducted on the ethical practices being employed by Shipley to evaluate their CSR strategies Strengths Active involvement in community: From donating a part of its earnings to local charity organizations to sponsoring local sports clubs, Shipley has been actively involved in the community development. Moreover, it invites local organizations to seek assistance through its web site. This approach shows its commitment towards community building and has helped it to carve a niche for itself in the Texas community. Ethical practices: Shipley not only makes nutritional information about its doughnuts public, but also lets its customers know the processes being used at the kitchen through an open window system. This ethical practice has found wide acceptance among the Texas community who flock to its franchises. Sticking to traditional bakery techniques: Despite the advent of modern automated bakery techniques, Shipley Do-nuts have stuck to the traditional bakery techniques to retain its soft and fresh aroma and taste. This requires it to employ a greater number of workers thus helping the local community in finding a job (Shipley Do-nuts, 2008). Weaknesses Working conditions: To keep the costs of labor down, the company has resorted to the use of cheap illegal immigrants from Mexico in the past. The immigrants have often complained to the use of abusive language and racial slurs by the owners (Houston Chronicle, 2009). This has harmed its image in the national consciousness. Less contribution to local skill development: A philanthropic approach to CSR doesnt contribute much to the skill development of the local people and thus doesnt lead to a sustainable development. Shipley has often been riled for not contributing to the local skill development. Secrecy of its donut mix: Although it is central to its competitive advantage, the secrecy about its donut mix, which makes the donuts great, is akin to hiding important nutritional factsfrom its customers. This has not gone down well with some consumer rights activists. Opportunities Increasing community based approach: A community based approach to CSR is more successful in connecting with the local community. This may involve partnering with a local school for education of the children. This will help the company in contributing to the local skill development and in achieving sustainable development. Healthy doughnuts: Shipley can add a few healthy doughnuts, which are low in calorie, to its product range. This may not necessarily sell much, but will credibility to its efforts towards building a healthy America. Threats Competition: With an increasing competition in the fast food space and the cost of serving a customer increasing, the fight for natural resources will increase. This may mean that CSR activities may have to take a backseat in Shipleys policy. Intervention by Government agencies: Due to its past record in employing illegal immigrants, the Government agencies may intervene in the organizational policies, for example, the Labor Department may carry out an inspection about its employees pay and basic working conditions. This may prove to be a threat to the companys image in the peoples eyes. Conclusion The present research about the CSR activities at Shipley Do-nuts indicates that the company is taking its CSR activities seriously. The company has contributed to various causes from cancer, fighting crime and celebrating Christmas to supporting sports activities. However, it was observed that currently Shipley views CSR as a method of giving back to the community which is separate from its corporate objective of making profits. It should look towards integratingits CSR strategy into its companys objectives so that it can be viewed as essential for sustainable development of the company. For example, Dunkin Donuts Centre has set up a centre in Providence, Island. It provides state of the art training facilities to the sports clubs in the regions. This centre has produced numerous stars and is an attraction for young sports enthusiasts in the region. This makes a stronger statement towards development of sports than just sponsoring an event or a sports club. Adding to its list of CSR activities, Shipley can sponsor a sports area in Houston which provides playing area for the young children in the Texas region. This sports area can have a basketball court or simply open spaces for playing soccer. Regular Shipley customers and their wards can get free access to the facilities. The regular customers can be given these passes at the Shipley franchise. This will help the company in Building customer network: Building on companys efforts towards connecting with its customers through Facebook, the company can keep track of its customers through this sports area Boost its sales: Since free passes will be given to the regular customers, it will help in boosting the sales and achieving higher customer loyalty Development of sports: It will help in development of sports in the community which will build on the companys efforts towards building a health America. So, this idea can prove to be a good one to follow for Shipley Do-nuts as part of its ethical and social obligations (CSR). The company can look to contribute to the skill development of the local community through this exercise. This will help the company to realize the importance of integrating its CSR activities with its corporate strategy.

Alcoholism And Sleep Essays - Sleep Disorders, Sleep,

Alcoholism And Sleep The Effects of Alcohol on Sleep Many people usually associate alcohol with sleep and sleepiness. However, the effects of alcohol on sleep are mostly negative ones, and these two things should not be interrelated at all. In order to understand how these two things are related, one must explore the depths of two different topics: alcohol and sleep. With this knowledge, one can begin to understand how alcohol and sleep are related and what effects alcohol has on sleep. Sleep is a very active process, just like consciousness. Sleep is controlled largely by nerve centers in the lower brain stem, where the base of the brain joins the spinal cord. It is here where certain nerve cells produce chemicals, which control and regulate the two alternating states of sleep: Rapid Eye Movement Sleep (REM) and Slow Wave Sleep (SWS). REM sleep is sleep where the eyes move very rapidly. This type of sleep occurs periodically (about every 90 minutes), and occupies about 25% of sleep time. The chemical that is produced that controls REM sleep is norepinephrine, which helps regulate REM sleep and facilitates arousal in sleep. SWS sleep is a more deep, restful sleep, and is called this because the brain waves move very slowly. This sleep occurs throughout 70% of a persons sleeping time. SWS sleep is usually associated with dreaming. Serotonin is the chemical messenger associated with sleep onset and with the regulation of SWS. The exact roles and interactions of these and other chemical messengers in orchestrating sleep patterns are not known. Significantly, however, alcohol consumption affects the function of these and other chemical messengers that appear to influence sleep. The average adult sleeps 7.5 to 8 hours every night. Although the function of sleep is unknown, abundant evidence demonstrates that lack of sleep can have serious consequences, including increased risk of depressive disorders, impaired breathing, and heart disease. In addition, excessive daytime sleepiness resulting from sleep disturbance is associated with memory deficits, impaired social and occupational function, and car crashes. Alcohol is a common depressant drug. It slows the brain's activities and the activity of the spinal cord. Since alcohol affects the brain it has the potential to be abused. Alcohol rapidly enters the bloodstream and circulates to various parts of the body in a few minutes. Alcohol comes in different varieties. Beer and ale (4-7% alcohol), wine and champagne (9-14%), and hard liquor (40-50%) are the most common kinds of alcohol. Alcohol causes many side effects in anyone who uses it, such as: dullness of sensation, lowered sensory motor skills, lowered reactive or reflexive motor responses, impaired thought processes, impaired memory, impaired judgment, sleep or sleeplessness, and in extreme cases can cause coma and death. Alcohol can also cause people to behave strangely and causes behaviors such as aggression, sexual openness, lying, and excessive talking. Alcohol not only has mental effects but physical ones as well. 70% of alcoholics and alcohol abusers suffer irreversible physical side effects, such as cirrhosis of the liver, cauliflowering of the nose and ears, permanent restructuring of the brain, including loss of long term memory, heart problems, obesity, premature dementia (partial and full), and loss of bladder control and slurred speech even when sober. Alcohol has many effects on sleep, but these affects vary depending on the person. It is easy to categorize the people into two groups- those with alcoholism and those without alcoholism. A person with alcoholism is basically an alcoholic or a person who consumes a lot of alcohol. A person without alcoholism is the casual drinker; this is a person who drinks occasionally. For people who do not suffer from alcoholism, the effects of alcohol on their sleep and sleep patterns are different than those of people with alcoholism. For people who do not have alcoholism, alcohol consumed at bedtime, after an initial stimulating effect, may decrease the time required to fall asleep. Because of alcohol's sedating effect, many people with insomnia consume alcohol to promote sleep. However, alcohol consumed within an hour of bedtime appears to disrupt the second half of the sleep period. The subject may sleep fitfully during the second half of sleep, awakening from dreams and returning to sleep with difficulty. With continued

Kylie Masshardt Essays (1647 words) - Education, Free Essays

Kylie Masshardt Essays (1647 words) - Education, Free Essays Kylie Masshardt Period 5 Mrs. Stephens 22 February 2017 How Standard is Standardized Testing Standardized testing costs billions of dollars a year while inaccurately measuring students' performance based on unfair and biased standards; This has not only caused the value of American education to decrease, but also cause the rise of the "creativity crisis" in the uprising American population. Although standardized testing allows students from across the country to be equally evaluated, many studies and test have proven that student's health, the value of teachers, as well as the student's future have been affected by these costly tests. All standardized tests are playing with what the creators of the test think is a "standard" and testing all students across America with the exact same questions. As standardized test become more prominent in the American school systems, the lack of individuality and creativity of students increases, "A 2010 college of William Mary study found Americans' scores on the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking have been dropping since 1990[] the blame [is] on the increase in standardized testing" (standardizedtests.procon.org). This is only one affect standardized tests have had on student's future. Furthermore, an excessive amount of testing may teach children to be good at taking tests, but does not prepare them for productive adult lives. Time spent on teaching students "proper" test taking strategies, could be better well spent by teaching students the importance of voting, how to do taxes, as well as how to properly manage money; All things that will prepare Americas future generations to be well-rounded citizens. An article on the pros and cons of standardized testing states," Standardized testing has not improved student achievement" (standar dizedtests.procon.org). In 2002, after the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) act was passed, the US slipped from 18th in the world on the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) to 31st place in 2009(standerdizedtests.procon.org). Again, proving that not only are these standardized tests failing to prepare students for the future, but also showing no improvement amongst the students' scores. Ultimately, there has been no evidence to prove that test incentive programs are working on benefiting students, their future, or education in general. The billion-dollar testing industry is notorious for making costly and time-consuming scoring errors, costing hard-working Americans billions of dollars in tax payer money. An article on standardized testing states, " NCS Pearson, which has a 254 million dollar contract to administer Florida's Comprehensive Assessment Test, delivered the 2010 results more than a month late" (standardizedtests.procon.org). Rather than spending the billions of dollars on ensuring students a fair and equal opportunity to have a valued education, billions of dollars are wasted on fixing the errors of companies such as Pearson. In 2009, Obama's Race To the Top initiative was signed into law, inviting states to compete for 4.35 billion dollars in extra funding based on the strength of their students test scores. This competition led teachers to help students, as young as 3rd grade, to cheat on these tests in order to receive this extra funding, " [] had students whose test papers showed high number of wron g-to-right ratios" ( Background of the issue, James Wallan). Teachers act as model for their students, and helping their students cheat to receive this extra funding is teaching young kids bad habits. In conclusion, each year billions of dollars are wasted on correcting the mistakes of large corporate companies when grading the standardized test, and when incentives are instilled, teachers are teaching their students that it is okay to cheat. Teachers prepare their students for these standardized tests all year long, and as the testing day approaches students become frantic and begin to develop testing anxiety. Around 16-20% of students, in a 2016 study, reported that they had high-testing anxiety before their tests, while 18% stated they had moderate-testing anxiety, making this the most prevalent scholastic impairment in the American education system. Not only are standardized tests causing unnecessary anxiety on students as young as third grade, but also robbing children of their childhood. Super-attendants, principals, and teachers have become fixated on preparing their students to ace these tests, they have begun replacing recess time with preparation activities for these tests. Recess plays a large role in the early development of

Is recruiting efforts, promotions, prejudice, and retention of Research Paper

Is recruiting efforts, promotions, prejudice, and retention of minority officers a source of stress within a law enforcement agency - Research Paper Example Therefore, the qualification and experience of such individuals take the center stage of considerations. However, the recruitment, promotion and retention of the minority groups calls for further considerations, other than their suitability; in terms of qualifications and experience. In this case, the vulnerabilities of the candidate, which makes them to be in a meager position than the rest, who have qualifications and experiences are considered, with the aim of giving such candidates the opportunity, since they cannot compete with the rest effectively, owing to their vulnerabilities (Shusta, Levine, Wong, & Harris, 2005). This causes stress because; there are chances that such candidates might fail to perform well in the job, despite having been favored over the others. On the event that such candidates fail to deliver as expected, yet they were favored on the basis of their race, gender or origin, it will cause stress to the other partners at work, since they could feel that the best qualified candidates would have been recruited, promoted or retained (Wirth, 2001). More than to the employer who might feel that they did not get the best qualified candidate for the job, the qualified candidates who lost the job to the minority candidate feel more stressed out. Law enforcement agencies are sensitive and particularly prone to great dangers, on the event that they are not run by qualified and the most suitable candidates (Arnesen, 2007). Therefore, the application of affirmative action, requiring that the minority groups are favored during recruitment, promotion or retention serves to put such agencies at risk of having individuals, who may not be as qualified and experienced with the work, as the other candidates who were disqualified to pave way for the minority. The stress will be borne by both the law enforcement agency and the minority candidate; since the candidates will always feel that they are in the job

Introduction to Rhetorical Studies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Introduction to Rhetorical Studies - Essay Example This essay will examine an example of a symbolic action, identify the audiences, and identify the second and the third persona show what the audience agency is. Language can be used as a symbol Kenneth Burke gives an example where while in class he saw a bird flying up in order to get out of a room. This action of the bird flying up in order to get out is due to tropisms; although the windows were open the bird kept flying nervously about the ceiling. The windows were high, they extended almost to the ceiling; yet the bird kept trying to escape by batting against the ceiling rather than dipping down and flying out of one the open windows (4). This particular bird’s instinct was to escape by flying up; hence it ignored the easy exit through the windows. Burke imagines how different things would be if the bird could speak his language. A simple statement would have served to solve the problem. Fly down just a foot and out one of those windows would have solved the problem if the bird could hear the language of human beings this shows how symbolic language can be. Burke gives another example where a bird uses the principle of leverage as an improved method for Unnesting or de birding a Nest but it cannot spread the information to other birds because of lack of language to communicate the invention and make it spread throughout all birddom. Man is considered to be a symbol-using animal; he clings to a kind of naà ¯ve verbal realism that refuses to realize the full extent of the role played by symbolicity in his notions of reality (Burke, 5). The second persona in the example of the bird is the reader because he is the one representing the pronoun ‘you’. The third persona is the bird because it because it is the one used to depict the pronoun they. The audience agency in the examples of symbolism above is to show clearly how symbolic language can

Animal Farm And A Utopian Society Essay Example for Free

Animal Farm And A Utopian Society Essay Based on George Orwells Animal Farm a utopian society can not be achieved. A perfect world is impossible to achieve because you will always get someone who takes charge and overrules the people. In the book the animals successfully rebel from the owner of the farm, Mr. Jones. After the rebellion as a whole the animals set up some rules and commandments. At this point the animals feel that they have created a utopia, or a perfect world. They feel they can work hard for a while and then be rewarded with retirement. Eventually there becomes a superior group of animals that convince the rest of the animals that they are of higher intelligence. With this in mind they then told them that the elite group, the pigs, deserved more of the delicacies such as milk and apples. The pigs declared that these foods increased their abilities to do the brain work. The pigs also take over the house and begin to adopt many of the evil habits of man. In reality the pigs forced the other animals in to doing all of the manual labor so that they could reap the benefits solely for themselves. This is the sole reason that a utopian society can not be achieved. The pigs, or higher forms of government can only hold the respect of the people for so long until they eventually go back to the old ways, and the utopia is demolished.